Objects & Companions in Kotlin

// Object declaration (Singleton)
object DatabaseConnection {
    init {
        println("Initializing database connection")
    }

    fun connect() {
        println("Connecting to database...")
    }
}

// Usage
DatabaseConnection.connect()

// Companion object
class Factory {
    companion object {
        private var counter = 0

        fun create(): Factory {
            counter++
            return Factory()
        }

        fun getCount() = counter
    }
}

val instance = Factory.create()
val count = Factory.getCount()

// Named companion
class MyClass {
    companion object Loader {
        fun load() = MyClass()
    }
}