Hoisting in JavaScript
From the JavaScript cheat sheet · Hoisting & Strict Mode · verified Jul 2026
Hoisting
Variable and function hoisting behavior
javascript
// Function hoisting
greet(); // Works!
function greet() {
console.log('Hello');
}
// Variable hoisting
console.log(x); // undefined
var x = 5;
// let/const not hoisted
// console.log(y); // Error
let y = 5;💡 Function declarations are fully hoisted and can be called before declaration
⚡ var declarations are hoisted but initialized as undefined
📌 let/const are in "temporal dead zone" until declaration
🔥 Always declare variables at the top of their scope to avoid confusion
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